ECON 280 Chapter Notes -Utility, Social Stratification, Business Cycle
11 Dec 2012
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Economics 280 courseware notes: computing and standardizing rates. (births-deaths) = natural increase (immigration-emigration) = net migration. Percentage increase = change in population/initial population x 100. Birth rate = number of births in the population/midyear size of population. Crude death rates are ineffective because they can be misleading. Standardized rates are more accurate (table 21-1: the sex ratio. More boys than girls are born: usually 105 to 100. As children age, sex ratio falls below 1 because males exhibit risky behavior. Environmental factors in womb, occupational hazards, and war all affect population of males. Sex ratio for undergraduates is only 0. 67, possibly caused by reduced interest in higher education, increasing female opportunity, or discrimination against men in school admissions. A high sex ratio may indicate immigration of men to work rough work environments. Eastern europe: emigration of women to study abroad, led to shortage of women called frauenmangel .
