PS366 Lecture Notes - Animacy, Transformational Grammar, Low Frequency
Document Summary
Underlying structure that conveys the meaning of sentences: surface structure. Arrangement of constituents in a sentence that influences the order in which words are pronounced: transformational rules. Apply to deep structure result in s structure: 2 step process to sentence derivation. Transformational rules are applied to deep structure to generate surface: need for 2 levels of rep in grammar. On s structure derived from 2 distinct s structures. Pair of sentences have distincty surface structure, but same deep structure. Case grammar/ lexical-functional grammar: what semantic role is being played by word, construct sentence meaning based on these roles, underlying semantic relationship, lexical and semantic knowledge associated with verb subcategorization frames. Info about different syntactic structures associated with verb. Info about conceptual roles played by noun in relation to event described by verb: chase. Thematic/conceptual agent/ patient: arrangement in surface structure. The cat was chased by the dog.
