PSYB32H3 Study Guide - Parental Investment, Rough Play, Psychosexual Development
Document Summary
The challenge for psychologists is to determine how the similarities and differences between males and females originate in the developing child and articulate the process that contributes to gender-specific behavioral patterns. Identification- freud s notion that children acquire gender identity by identifying with and imitating their same-sex parent. Cognitive social learning theory: children acquire gender identification both through parent s direct guidance and encouragement and by imitating parents and other people. Children understand gender quite early and parents behaving differently to males and females influence this understanding. Gender-schema theory (information processing approach): children as young as 2 begin to develop their own na ve theories about gender differences and gender appropriate behaviours. Cognitive development theory (lawrence kohlberg): children categorize themselves as male or female based on physical and behavioural clues and then proceed to behave in gender appropriate ways at age 6-7. Evolutionary approaches to psychology: principles of natural selection and adaptation.
