PSYB32H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Nail Polish, Alcohol Dependence, Hair Conditioner
Document Summary
The pathological use of substances fall into 2 categories: substance abuse and substance dependence. The dsm-iv-tr distinguishes between alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse. Alcohol dependence may include tolerance and withdrawal reactions. People with alcohol dependence typically have more severe symptoms. The body becomes adapted to the alcohol and the abrupt withdrawal of the drug may cause. Dts: symptoms include anxiousness, depression, weakness, restlessness, insomnia; tremors in muscles (face, eyelids, and tongue) elevated pulse, bp, and temperature. In rare cases, more serious symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions may appear. The blood alcohol levels of extreme abusers are unexpectedly low after what is considered heavy drinking showing the body adapts to the drug and processes it more efficiently. Tolerance results from changes in the number and sensitivity of gaba or glutamate receptors. Overtime, neural pathways adapt to the alcohol use and compensate for its inhibitory effects. When the drinking stops, the inhibitory effects of alcohol are lost, resulting in overexcitation.
