ANT204H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Copper Extraction Techniques, Cash Crop, Forced Migration
Document Summary
Readings: felix greene, how it began , jerry kloby the legacy of colonialism , colonialism in africa, 1914, wainaina, how to write about africa. European colonization of africa: demand for raw materials: industrial revolution required natural resources, which europe lacked. Colonized african countries as a method of extracting raw materials. Need for markets: 19th c. europe produced surplus. Commerce, christianity, civilization - missionaries & civilization of africa. The scramble for africa": 1886 - 1914: revenue generation in colonial africa. 1. mineral exploitation: northern rhodesia (zambia) and the belgian congo (congo) = copper extraction. East and southern africa - large scale european owned farms. Angola (coffee), kenya (coffee, tea), and southern rhodesia/zimbabwe (tobacco, beef). Colonial governments removed good farm land from local populations, forcing many to work on european farms. In colonies lacking large mineral deposits - cash crops for export: Groundnuts/peanuts (senegal, nigeria), coffee (tanganyika, rwanda, uganda), cocoa (ghana, togo, cote. Forced migration to work in mines or on commercial farms.
