ENV100Y5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Sympatric Speciation, Allopatric Speciation, Maximum Capacity

• School: UTM
• Department: Environment
• Course: ENV100Y5
• Professor: Barbara Murck

Document Summary

Natural selection- the process by which traits that enhance survival and reproduction are passed on more frequently to future generations that those that do not. Mutations- accidental changes in dna due to additions, deletions, substitutions and frameshift of codons. Disruptive selection- traits diverge from their starting conditions to two distinct traits. Divergent evolution: related species diverge into new species due to selective pressures. Convergent evolution: unrelated species accumulate similar traits due to adapting to selective pressure in similar environments. Biodiversity: refers to the total variety of all organisms in an area, taking into account the diversity of species, their genes, their populations, their habitats and their communities. A species is a particular type of organism of a population or group of populations whose members share certain characteristics and can freely breed with one another and produce fertile offspring. A population is a group of individuals of a species that live in the same area.