BIOLOGY 2D03 Lecture Notes - Pasteur Effect, Blood Sugar, Gluconeogenesis
28 Jan 2013
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Glycolysis: hexokinase/glucokinase glucose g6p regulatory point induced fit model, phosphohexose. F1,6bp dhap + gap: triose phosphate. 1,3bisphosphoglycerate reduces nad nadh (nad must be replenished) **first atp generating step** highly exergonic and coupled with step 6: phosphoglycerate mutase. 1,3 bpg 2,3 bpg: binds hemoglobin and reduces oxygen affinity. 2,3 bpg levels are elevated at high altitude, late pregnancy. **atp generating step is circumvented** (step 7 skipped) **allows liver to constantly take up more glucose out of blood and convert it to g6p** 2 isoforms (liver and muscle) activated: low energy (amp) insulin causes its txn deactivated: high energy (atp), acetyl coa phos. by pka long chain fa"s alanine camp inhibits txn. Atp and amp compete for an allosteric site affect affinity (km) for f6p. **changes in amp or adp levels are more important than atp levels** F2,6bp also activates pfk1 allosterically and can reverse atp inhibition inhibits fbpase-1 (catalyzes reverse of pfk1) Pfk2 generates f2,6bp from f6p (f2,6bp activates pfk-1)
