BIOL 1840U Lecture Notes - Oxazepam, Prothrombin Time, Necrosis
Document Summary
Hepatocytes: main functional cell of liver, absorption and secretion of material. Kupffer cells: phagocytosis of foreign organisms and material. Ito cells: fat and vitamin a storage. Ammonia absorption: by urea synthesis in zones 1 and 2, and by gln synthesis in zone 3. Alcohol metabolism: results in reversible fat buildup in liver. Zone 1: glucose release, glycogen degradation, gluconeogenesis. Storage of vitamins a and b12, iron, triglycerides, copper. Synthesis of albumin, a -globulin (aat), coagulation factors (all but viii) Phase i: reduction/oxidation of compounds, e. g. by p450, can give active intermediates. Phase ii: conjugation with hydrophilic groups to make water soluble for secretion. Example: hemoglobin bilirubin conjugated to glucuronic acid secreted in bile. Example of acetaminophen: usually glucuronidated and excreted normally but oxidation by p- Albumin: 14 day t1/2, constitutive synthesis by all cells, gives indication of chronic liver disease. Prothrombin time: 6 hr t1/2 of factor vii, gives indication of acute liver disease.