BIO152H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Chromosome, Extended Family, Centromere

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31 Jan 2013
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After chromosomes are copied, mitosis distributes one chromosome copy to each of two daughter cells. Mitosis and cytokinesis produce two cells that are identical to the parent cell. Over their life span, eukaryotic cells go through a cycle that consists of four carefully controlled phases. In multicellular organisms, uncontrolled cell growth leads to cancer. Different types of cancer result from different types of defects in control over the cell cycle. Cells arise through the division of preexisting cells. There are two types of cell division: meiosis and mitosis. Meiosis is a division of the genetic material in the nucleus to produce daughter cells with one- half the amount of hereditary material found in the parent cell. Meiosis is involved only in the production of gametes (eggs and sperm); it is the basis of sexual reproduction and genetic inheritance (see chapter 12).

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