PSYC55H3 Lecture Notes - Oligodendrocyte, Astrocyte, Neuroglia
Document Summary
Neurons the basic signal units are distinguished by their form, function, location and interconnectivity within the nervous system. Soma- the cell body of the neuron-> contains the metabolic machinery that maintains the neuron. Dendrites-large treelike processes that receive inputs from other neurons at locations called the synapses. If located after the synapse and receiving information they are called postsynaptic. Neurotransmitters- chemical substances that transmit the signal between neurons at chemical synapses. Unipolar neurons- have only one process extending away from the cell body; it can branch to form dendrites and axon terminals common in invertebrates. Bipolar neurons- involved in sensory processes such as conveying information to the auditory, visual and olfactory system. Pseudounipolar neurons- have the appearance of unipolar neurons but were originally bipolar sensory neurons whose dendrites and axon have fused. Multipolar neurons- involved in motor and sensory processing.
