BIO220H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Mate Choice, Frequency-Dependent Selection, Sperm Competition
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BIO220H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Environmental effects on trait values can be described as plasticity , and these responses can be adaptive. The influence of genes and environment can be visualized with plots of the reaction norm : natural selection shapes the reaction norm. Bees and wasps behavior in the fall: drunken behavior due to an adaptation for locating ripen fruit, flowers attract bees from nectar containing alcohol. Genetic and environmental variation: phenotypes reflect both genetic and environmental effects. Z(phenotype) = g (genes) + e (environment) Evolution by natural selection: variation in a trait, variation in fitness for the trait, genetic basis for the trait. Rover/sitter foraging polymorphism found in the fruit fly, drosophila melanogaster and discovered by marla sokolowski in the early 1980s. Rovers eat less but move more than sitters during foraging and they are more likely to explore new food patches than sitters: rovers and sitters move for similar distance in the absence of food.
