BIOB11H3 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Aminoacyl-Trna, Peptidyl Transferase, Messenger Rna
Document Summary
Smart pages: ch 2 fig 24; chapter 11 figs 41, 42, 44, 46, 47, 49, 50. Translation (protein synthesis): synthesis of proteins in the cytoplasm using the information encoded by an mrna. (11. 1, 11. 8) Codons: sequences of three nucleotides (nucleotide triplets) in mrnas that specify amino acids. (11. 6) Frameshift: see above chapter for it. trna: an adaptor and brings proper amino acid to the ribosome. Each amino acid is recognized by a specific aminoacyl-trna synthetase. (11. 7) Initiation codon: a triple aug, the site to which the ribosome attaches to the mrna to assure that the ribosome is in the proper reading frame to correctly read the entire message. (11. 8) Shine-dalgarno sequence: messenger rna possess this sequence upstream at the 5" end to the start codon. Elongation: the second step in translation after initiation. A, p, e sites: 3 sites on the ribosome; a= aminoacyl or acceptor, p= peptidyl, e= exit.
