SOAN 3120 Lecture Notes - List Of Statistical Packages, Dependent And Independent Variables, Participant Observation
3 Mar 2013
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No relationship between education income. (flat slope) no relationship. What to do with outliers (the unusual): is part of the data but unusual, is a coding error you may have to remove that one random one, it may change the results dramatically. We infer a causal relationship based on the understanding of the temporal relationship between the variables. Variable classification: independent variables (cause) (x-axis) (horizontal, dependent variables (effect variables) (y-axis) (vertical) Sometimes identifying a causal order can be problematic: relationship between education and motivation, educational attainment (1-23, motivational scale (1-100, high score implies greater motivation. Education motivation: address the issue: Is it real, or could it just occur by chance?: the higher correlation the stronger the relationship (steep and tightly compact slope in terms of the dots around the line, computer statistical software programs generate significance tests. Statistics does not equal mathematics: we never use the word prove we prove something beyond a reasonable doubt.
