Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Electron Acceptor, Endomembrane System, Southern Blot
3 Mar 2013
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Document Summary
Formation of endomembrane system: ancient prokaryotic cell, through gradual in-folding of plasma membrane, endomembrane system formed. Prokaryotic ancestors of mitochondria and chloroplasts were engulfed by larger prokaryotic cells. Mitochondria came first - capable of using oxygen for aerobic respiration. Chloroplasts developed from ingested cyanobacteria: theory evidence. Form or shape of both organelles is similar to prokaryotic cells. Mitochondria or chloroplasts are derived only from preexisting mitochondria and chloroplasts divide by binary fission. Both organelles contain their own dna codes for the proteins essential for the organelles function. Contain a complete transcription and translational machinery enzymes and ribosomes. Can generate energy in the form of atp through their own etc. 2. 2 bya cyanobacteria evolve: oxygenic photosynthesis, atmosphere contains oxygen. Oxygen as terminal electron acceptor: prokaryotes that undergo aerobic respiration. Prokaryotic cells made enormous amounts of atp through mitochondrion. Prokaryotes: high plasma membrane surface area to support volume of cell. Energy supplied by plasma membrane supports volume of cell.
