Psychology 3325 Lecture Notes - Wason Selection Task, Inductive Reasoning, Deductive Reasoning
Document Summary
Inferring specific instances from general principles: categorical syllogism, an argument describing the relations between categories of things. The beetle is reliable: conditional syllogism, an argument describing the conditional relations between events. If it is a vw, then it is reliable. Any set of numbers increasing by two: e. g. , 7 9 11 the surprisingly simple rule: numbers of increasing magnitude . Analogical reasoning: a special kind of inductive reasoning; the process of applying knowledge from domain ( the source ) to another domain ( the target ). Can the solution for one problem be used to solve (i. e. , be mapped onto) another? . Analogical sub-processes: retrieval, hold target in stm; access source from ltm, mapping, map features of the source onto those of the target. Evaluation: decide whether or not the analogy is likely to be useful, abstraction. Isolate the structural features shared by the source and the target: predictions, hypothesize about the target from what is known about the source.
