KINESIOL 4SS3 Lecture Notes - Bone Density, Body Water, Muscle Tone

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On average females are shorter than males. We also see that females reach their peak height sooner than males ( 16-18 yrs old). Males reach their peak height at about 20 years of age. At age 60-70 yrs women will lose height at a more rapid rate than men. Men loose 4% their height by the age of 70. Percent height loss is similar between males and females, however, women start at a smaller base height => loos of height is greater. Much more rapid decline of bone mineral density in women because of menopause (loss of estrogen) Small fractures in vertebrae because of decreased bone mineral density. Over time vertebrae fractures accumulate into more forward posture ( a hunch) these fractures are more likely to happen on the anterior side of the vertebrae => leads to kyphosis: vertebral disc compression. Vertebral disks make up 20-30% of total length of the spine: other determinants of height.

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