PSYC39H3 Lecture Notes - Social Control Theory, Toilet Training, Edwin Sutherland
Document Summary
Chapter 3: theories of crime: learning and environment. Many psychodynamic theories of crime can be thought of as control theories in that they emphasize factors that control people"s behaviour and prevent them from committing crime. Classical conditioning is a form of learning that takes place when an unconditioned stimulus (e. g. , food) that produces an unconditioned response (e. g. , salivation) is paired. Learning and environment with a neutral stimulus (e. g. , a tone) such that, over time, a conditioned response (e. g. , salivation) is reproduced using only the previously neutral stimulus (now referred to as the conditioned stimulus). Operant conditioning, on the other hand, is a form of learning that takes place by experiencing environmental consequences caused by behaviour (e. g. , reinforcement and punishment). In eysenck"s biosocial theory of crime, he argues that criminals are deficient with respect to their conditionability, a process he thought was important in the socialization or conscience-building process.