BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Antioxidant, Cytochrome C Oxidase, Facultative Anaerobic Organism
Document Summary
Non-oxygen molecules (e. g. sulphate, nitrate) as electron receptors. Endogenous molecules (e. g. pyruvate, acetaldehyde) as electron receptors. Although they lack mitochondria, prokaryotes have respiratory electron transport chains, located on internal membranes. Many prokaryotes do aerobic respiration; some prokaryotes use a molecule other than o2 as a terminal electron receptor. Sulphate, nitrate, and ferric ion are common electron acceptors. Aside: chemolithotrophs use inorganic materials such as hydrogen sulphide and produce energy via anaerobic respiration. Deep sea hydothermal vents and diverse groups of organisms adapted to gaining energy from this unique environment. Organisms have evolved to use many different molecules for anaerobic respiration. Pathways of respiration: glycolysis everything does thins, pyruvate oxidation. From glucose to o2 is an aerobic respiration (anything living in an aerobic environment uses this) If something is not using oxygen, then they are using anaerobic respiration (all prokaryotes) Every organism does 1 of these 2 things (anaerobic or aerobic)
