BSC 1086C Chapter Notes - Chapter 18: Mitral Valve Stenosis, Tricuspid Valve Stenosis, Mitral Insufficiency

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8 May 2017
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The sinoatrial node or sa node is the physiological pacemaker of the heart: it depolarizes faster than any other part of the autorhythmic system, 90-95 action potential (= heart beats) per minute. The atrioventricular or av node depolarizes slower than the sa node (40-60 potentials per minute) The atrioventricular bundle or bundle of his is the only electrical connection between atria and ventricles. It splits into right ad left bundle branches that run inside the interventricular septum toward the apex of the heart. Purkinje fibers spread all over the myocardium of both ventricles (30-40 bpm) There are two cardiac center located in the medulla oblongata: cardioacceleratory centers sends signals via sympathetic fibers to sa and av node, cardiac muscle cells, and coronary arteries. Increase heart rate, increase contractility, and increase the blood flow to the heart: cardioinhibitory center only inhibits sa and av nodes through parasympathetic fibers in the vagus nerve.

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