NROSCI 0081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Pharmacokinetics, Adme, Pharmacology

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Dirty needles bacteria, hepatitis, aids: high risk of overdose. Intramuscular (im: drug is injected into muscle, has a good blood supply, faster onset and predictable absorption over time, but slower than iv, ex. Depo-provera is a contraceptive that lasts 3-6 months: subcutaneous (sc, drug is injected just below the skin, absorption is dependent upon blood flow, absorption is slower than im administration, ex. Inhalation: smoking or vaporous inhalation, very rapid absorption, blood flows directly to brain, disadvantages: Lungs have large surface area rich in blood vessels: health risks associated with inhaled material, highly addictive, topical. Intranasal: applied to mucous membranes of nose (snorting, sublingual, applied under tongue, transdermal, applied to skin, can take a long time, buccal. In the mouth, absorbed through cheek: ex. Influenced by: concentration, chemicals move from areas of high concentration to areas with low concentration, this is why a higher dose is more effective more likely to be forced across membranes.

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