HLTH 230b Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology, Reverse Transcriptase, Mutation Rate
18 May 2017
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Intestinal: 1/5 1/10 (maternal to fetal transfer: male genital tract: 1/700 1/3000, placenta: 1/10 1/20, bloodstream: 95/100 1/150, majority of transmissions between heterosexual people. Retrovirus reverses central dogma and uses rna to make dna: virus is error prone: high mutation rate, cell tries to block reverse transcription, hiv tricks cell into removing its own defense mechanisms that try to block this. Integrase uses cellular stuff to integrate viral dna into nucleus and cellular. Cell is forever infected with dna, to rid is to rid the cell. Now uses vdna to make vrna and viral proteins. Infects cd4 memory cells, so after another kind of infection like polio, hiv-infected cd4 th cells replicate in immune response and increase copies of hiv in body. Creates protease which allows cell to mature into virus particle. Produces 10 billion virus particles per day. Coupled with high mutations rate means that hiv greatly mutates its viral dna everyday.
