ANTH 1210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Ploidy, Mitosis, Meiosis
19 May 2017
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Haploid cells: half of genes for mitosis (sperm, egg) . Homozygous cell: contains a pair of identical alleles for a trait (if two are identical), recessive trait is expressed . Heterozygous cell: if both alleles are different, dominant traits expressed . Dominant trait is expressed phenotypically even in a heterozygous state . Recessive trait is expressed phenotypically only in a homozygous state . Polygenic: more than one location (ex: weight, height) . Caused by: recombination during meiosis, transcription error during recombination . Basic units of evolution (units upon which natural selection acts individuals) . Population: evolution acts through genes of individuals upon groups of people . Evolutionary forces acts no upon individual genes or individual person, but acts upon population through genes, gene combinations and individuals . Each member is more likely to mate (interact) with another member (than with an outsider) . Group within which body of genes is transmitters (passed down) through generations, retains genetic identity .
