BIOL 1175 Lecture Notes - Scapula, Intervertebral Disc, Clavicle
Document Summary
Importance of cells in bone growth, remodeling and repair. Osteocytes - mature bone cells that maintain bone structure derived from osteoblasts. Intramenbranous ossification: bone development between sheets of fibrous connective tissue: used in flat bones. Endochondrial ossification: cartilage is replaced by bone, used by most bones. Growth hormone (gh) - stimulates general bone growth and the epiphyseal plates. Vitamin d- converted to a hormone to allow calcium absorptions. Remodeling allows bone to respond to stress. Osteoporosis - bones are weakened due to a decreased bone mass. Bone repair formation of blood clot -> formation of cartilaginous callus -> formation of bony callus ->bone remodeling. Skull - made of cranium and facial bones. Hyoid bone vertebral column - vertebrae and intervertebral disk rib cage: rbs and sternum. Protects the brain composed of 8 bones some contain sinuses. Bones of the face and the hyoid bone. Hyoid only bone that does not articulate ( connect ) with another bone.
