POL101Y1 Lecture Notes - Steven Pinker, Social Contract, The Civilizing Process
Document Summary
Violence is everywhere in democracy and laws enforce violence and there are even violence specialists. War is normally though of state en state and violence is generally monopolized the state. State sovereignty is destroyed or there are multiple sovereignties. There is alos a difference in revolution and civil wars in that sequence and outcome dose not change in a civil war. Ancient greece: peloponnesian war in 431-403 bce and in 480 they beat the persian. 479-432: rise of athens and of sparta: it became about land vs. maritime, oligarchy vs. democratic, military vs. commercial orientation. Reasons for war: the rise of athens alarmed sparta and its allies. The war became about fear honor and interest. Corfu: 427 oligarchs vs. democracy each with external backers. The themes for violence are still the same, as the divided allies will take backers with external neighbors. Civil war restraint: first shown in cain and able.
