Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Multiple Sclerosis
24 Apr 2013
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Allergens are antigens that elicic hypersensitivity or an allergic reaction. Allergens induce b cells to secrete an overabundance of ige antibodies which bind to receptors on mast cells in connective tissue & on basophils (type of wbc) which secrete histamine. Histamine produces a severe inflammation usually in tissue directly exposed to allergen. Causes: constriction of airways in lungs. Inflammation, swelling & irritation of the airway: buildup of mucous, runny nose & sneezing. Treat with anti-histamines which block histamine receptors (recall, histamine released by mast cells) Type i diabetes, systematic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, ulcerative colitis. Self cells are recognized as non-self so are destroyed. Type i diabetes: eliminates insulin producing pancreatic bata cells so person cant make insulin. Multiple sclerosis: eliminates melin sheaths that insulate surfaces of neurons, leads to muscle weakness & paralysis, impaired co-ordination & pain. A vaccine is a biologically safe preparation that induces adaptive (acuired) immunity to a particular disease.
