PHIL 1100 Lecture Notes - False Premise, Soundness, Syllogism
Document Summary
The structure of arguments: deductive: conclusion follows necessarily from premises (reasons) You can be wrong here, but if first part is right, second part must be right. If premises are true, the conclusion must be true. Valid: specific, logical operate (nothing to do with truth); conclusion must follow premises (structure) Unsound: invalid, with at least one false premise. Follows premise valid, in this case, it is sound. Conclusion doesn"t make sense invalid and unsound. Inductive: conclusion supported by premises to some degree. My pit bull is vicious; so all pit bulls are vicious. If the premise is true, conclusion more likely to be true (but could be false). All swans are white. (not always true) We could look at 1000 swans to determine if all swans are white. Personally, i have only seen white swans but if we see a black swan most swans are white. (less strong/convincing) A lot of argumentation in science, no certainty.
