HUMA 1770 Lecture Notes - Punic Wars, Res Publica, Roman Citizenship
3 May 2013
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Mainland: small valleys and hard to cross, rocky hills; Wealthy and rather peaceful society, albeit protected by a powerful navy; Collapsed due to external invasion, internal conflicts, and natural disaster. Art & architecture: concern with symmetry and order; Writing system: linear b (ancestor of ancient greek); Socio-political structures oligarchy: two kings + council of elders (gerousia) ruling over citizens (farmers) & slaves (helots); Philosophy of austere simplicity no remarkable artistic achievement; Women: raised and trained in accord with the warrior values of the ruling males class. Polis (pl. poleis): community of citizens shared identity and goals; Division of all citizens into ten tribes; Established the council of 500 (legislative body); Each tribe sent 50 (randomly selected) people to serve on the council form of representative democracy; The roman civilization and the han empire 5/3/2013 6:48:00 am. Octivian (31bce-14ce) became augustus; princeps ( first citizen ); pater patriae ( father of the country ); imperator (victorious general)
