BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Intron, Peptide, Mitosis

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9 May 2013

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Conservative parental helix remains intact and a second all new copy is made. Semi conservative two strands of the parental helix separates and each functions as a template for synthesis of a new complementary strand. Dispersive mixture of old and new synthesized parts. In prokaryotes since they have circular dna there is only one origin of replication. In eukaryotes they have linear dna which allows there to be many origins of replication. Iii: the lagging strand is synthesized in fragments called okazaki fragments which are made in a process similar to 2 steps forward, 1 step back. Rna primes made by rna primase flag the dna pol. Iii: the dna pol i replaces the rna primers with dna, dna ligase joins okazaki fragments, gyrase relases tension generated by the uncoiling (in bacteria). Topoisomerase relieves some of the stress of over-wound dna by creating small cuts in the dna ( in people) Each daughter cell will have a relatively shorter telomere.

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Multiple choice questions:

1) For DNA Polymerase III to work, which of these components has to act first? (A. Conservative replication, B. Newly replicated strand, C.Primase, D. RNA, E.Mutation rate)

2) The double helix of DNA is wrapped about 1 3/4 times around which of these components? (A. Helicase, B. DNA polymerase III, C. DNA polymerase I, D.Nucleosome, E. DNA ligase)

3) Which strand is produced more rapidly? (A.Okazaki fragment, B. Lagging strand, C. Leading strand, D. 3' , E. 5' )

4) During DNA replication in the lagging strand there is production of this component? (A. Okazaki fragment, B. mRNA, C. tRNA, D. proteins, E. none of the above)

5) Which enzyme is used first to permit DNA polymerase III to begin replicating the 3' stand? (A. Conservative replication, B. Parental stand, C. Primase, D. RNA, E. Mutation rate)

6) Which enzyme unwraps the double helix? (A. Helicase, B. DNA polymerase III, C.DNA polymerase I, D. Nuclesome, E. DNA ligase)

Thanks for any feedback, want to verify my answers.

Order the following steps of the DNA replication process fromfirst to last. (From 1 to 8)

DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragmments together

Elongation of leading strands occurs continuosly and elongationof lagging strands occurs via generation of Okazaki fragments. Bothare synthesized in 5' to 3' direction.

DNA polymerase I removes the RNA primers and replaces them withDNA nucleotides

DNA polymerase III starts adding DNA nucleotides to the 3' endof the existing RNA chain.

Helicase untwists the double helix at the replication fork

Single-stranded binding proteins bind the unpaired DNA strands,keeping them from re-pairing.

Topoisomerase helps releive the strain caused by DNA untwisting.It breaks, swivels and rejoins DNA strands.

Primase starts a complementary RNA chain using parental DNAstrand as a template

lilacgoose192

1) What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication? Place the following steps of DNA replication in right chronological order.

1. Primase adds an ribonucleotide primer
2. Initiator proteins bind the origin of replication and helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between complementary bases of double stranded template DNA
3. DNA polymerase III extends by complementary base pairing deoxyribonucleotides to the template strands
4. Ligase phosphodiester bonds the nucleotides to connect okazaki fragments nad connect fragments at the origin and where the "crotches or forks" collide
5. DNA polymerase I removes RNA primer and replaces with Deoxyribonucleotides

2) Given the template DNA and primer sequences below, what bases will be added to the primer as DNA replication proceeds? (The bases should appear in the order that they will be added)

5'-GTCGTCTCCCTTTTTAAAAACCCCCCC-3'
5'-UUUUUAAAAAGGG-3'

3) Given the DNA sequence below, what could be a primer sequence used in its replication?
5'-CGTACGGCCCCAAAATTGCTACTCTGCTG-3'

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BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Intron, Peptide, Mitosis

BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes

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