BIOL 2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Glucose Transporter, Cholesterol, No Trigger
12 May 2013
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Document Summary
Lysosomes: marker: acid phosphatase, function: digestion of macromolecules by hydrolytic enzymes (acid hydrolyses) V-type atpases: creates protein gradient and acidifies the contents. Transport proteins used to carry digestion products away to the cytosol. Plant and fungal vacuoles are a kind of lysosome: used for storage, ex. Proteins in peas and bean seeds, flower pigment, garlic flavor--> all stored in vacuoles that are like lysosomes: degradation. Important for maintaining osmotic pressure and size regulation (plant will take water into is vacuole and expand to grow) Formation of lysosomes: digestive enzymes delivered from golgi to endosomes, figure 13-42a, starts out as endosome from endocytosis pathway (piece of plasma membrane wraps around something the cell wants to digest) Early endosome receives enzymes from golgi and thus becomes a lysosome. Or 2) phagocytosis= cell eating: phagosome then fuses with endosome or lysosome-->becomes lysosome. Or 3) autophagy: self eating: used to degrade old cell components or faulty components, autophagosome fuses with lysosome-->lysosome, figure 13-42a.
