CHEM 1001 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Protein Kinase A, Adenylyl Cyclase, Sister Chromatids
21 May 2013
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Cells need to communicate with each other to make things happen (eg. muscle contraction neurons and muscle cells communicating) cell communication response/event. Extracellular signaling = communication between cells: direct contact = communicating cells attached/touching. Communicate via gap junctions in animals cells, plasmodesmata in plant cells. Cell-cell recognition = cells touching + recognize/communicate via extracellular protrusions (eg. proteins: local = communicating cells situated near each other, long distance = communicating cells situated far away from each other. For both local and ld, chemicals released by signaling cell are detected by receptors (integral proteins w/extracellular binding site) on target cells. Eg. acetylcholine released from nerve cell, binds to receptor on muscle cell = muscle contraction (response) Hormones = released by endocrine cell into blood, eg. growth hormones[in plants travel in vessels, through cells and air eg. ethylene travels through cells/air + initiates growth/ripening.
