Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Acetyl-Coa, Citric Acid Cycle

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23 May 2013

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The energy needed to make adp to atp (anabolic), it comes from catabolic pathway (hydrolysis of atp to adp + pi). Energy released from catabolic pathway is used to drive anabolic pathway: role of c-h bond in bioenergetics glucose is a good fuel molecules because of the abundance of hydrogen in the form of c-h bonds. Electrons in c-h bond are farther away from the nucleus contains more energy which can be easily removed. In contrast, molecules that have an abundance of o2 contain less potential energy because o2 is high in en. C6h12o6 + 6 o2 6 co2 + 6 h2o. The process of cell respiration also depends heavily on the reduction of nad+ to. Nadh and the reverse reaction (the oxidation of nadh to nad+): biological energy is frequently stored and released by means of redox reactions, role of fad, nad+ as electron carriers. Nad+ becomes reduced (add an h + 2 e-) to nadh - respiration note:

Related Questions

Fill in the blank in the following table:

metabolic cycle	location pro/ eukaryote	components	substrates	products	pathway purpose
embden- meyerhof- parnas (glycolysis)	cytoplasm/ cytoplasm	10 enzymes
pentose phosphate pathway	cytoplasm/ cytoplasm	dozen enzyme	1 Glucose (6 carbon), 1 NADP, 1ATP	1 Ribose-P (5 carbon) + 1CO2, 1NADPH, or sugars, 1 ADP	Nucleotide synthesis, NADPH for anabolism
PDH reaction	cytoplasm/ mitochondria matrix
TCA/ Krebs/ citric acid cycle					generation of high energy electron carriers, provide metabolic precursors
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (aerobic respiration)
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (anaerobic respiration)			1Nitrate or sulfate or CO2, 1NADH + ____ ADP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ADP	N2, or NO2 or H2S or CH4 1NAD + ____ ATP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ATP	Generate proton motive forces abd use to generate ATP regenerate NAD+
Fermentation	cytoplasm/ cytoplasm	1 or more enzymes (vary by organism)	1 pyruvate, 1 NADH	1 alcohol or acid (maybe 1 CO2) NAD+	Regenerate NAD+

True or False: Oxygen and glucose are produced by photosynthesisand consumed in cellular respiration.

True

False

Question 2

Select one answer.

10 points

A photosythetic plant has red leaves. Which colors of light willbe most effective at generating oxygen?

red and blue light

red and green light

green and blue light

Question 3

Select one answer.

10 points

Select the incorrect statement regarding respiration andfermentation from the list below.

Both respiration and fermentation use organic molecules.

Respiration produces much more ATP than fermentation

Respiration uses oxygen, fermentation does not.

Respiration produces acidic products, fermentation does not.

Question 4

Select all that apply.

10 points

What are the outputs of photosynthesis? Select all thatapply.

light

CO2

water

sugar

Question 5

Select one answer.

10 points

Respiration is ...

anabolic because it breaks down sugar.

anabolic because it builds CO2.

catabolic because it breaks down sugar.

catabolic because it builds CO2.

Question 6

Select one answer.

10 points

Which of the following is an anabolic pathway?

all of these processes

fermentation

photosynthesis

cellular respiration

Question 7

Select one answer.

10 points

The calculated net amount of ATP produced from one glucosemolecule during aerobic respiration in eukaryotes is

100

Question 8

Select one answer.

10 points

Plant leaves contain many different pigments. What is thepurpose of having multiple pigments?

To absorb light that may harm the photosynthetic machinery.

Capture light for photosynthesis at different wavelengths.

To give leaves different colors in the fall.

Question 9

Select all that apply.

10 points

What is required for photosynthesis? (Select all thatapply.)

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Carbon monoxide

Water

Glucose

Light

Heat

Question 10

Select one answer.

10 points

All of the following statements is true of photosynthesis,EXCEPT:

Water is required

Releases CO2

Glucose is produced.

Releases oxygen

byzantiumdonkey304

4. Cellular respiration uses two different mechanisms to make ATP from ADP + P_i. Briefly describe each of these processes:

Substrate-level phosphorylation:

ATP synthase:

Which stage/s of cellular respiration use which mechanism to make ATP?

5. The functioning of ATP synthase requires a proton (H⁺) gradient. Answer the following questions about this proton gradient.

What membrane separates the area of high proton concentration from the area of low proton concentration?

Can protons move easily through a phospholipid bilayer? Why or why not?

What process forms the proton gradient? Explain briefly.

Formation of a gradient requires input energy. What molecules provide the input energy for the formation of this particular gradient? What process generated these high-energy molecules? Explain briefly.

6. What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Acetyl-Coa, Citric Acid Cycle

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