PSY318H5 Lecture Notes - Amyloid Precursor Protein, Chemical Synapse, Endoplasmic Reticulum
Document Summary
Neurons: basic unit of the nervous system, communication, how do they differ from other cells, three main functions: Anatomy of neurons & glia: cajal: was the first to demonstrate that the individual cells comprising the nervous system remained separate. He showed that they did not grow into each other as previously believed: like other cells in the body, neurons contain the following structures: Endoplasmic reticulum: all neurons have the following major components: Ion channels (passive diffusion: phospholipids bi-layer, voltage-dependent channels (require electrical changes, ligand-gated channels (require a ligand , sodium-potassium pumps (require energy, calcium pumps (require energy) Glial cells: glia (or neuroglia) are the other major components of the nervous system, types of glia in the brain: Astrocytes help synchronize the activity of the axon by wrapping around the presynaptic terminal and taking up chemicals released by the axon. Microglia remove waste material and other microorganisms that could prove harmful to the neuron (types of glia continued)
