PSYC 201W Lecture Notes - The Literary Digest, Naturalistic Observation, Herbert Graf
4 Aug 2013
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Document Summary
Project proposals due this week submit all the components listed in the checklist. Penalty for late submission is 1. 25% for every day that it is late. Next week"s lecture class = midterm 60 multiple-choice questions based on chapter. Class example: sex of driver and accidental rate. Percentage of male and female drivers reporting an accident in the last 5 years. Women don"t tend to report as much as men. Comparison of number of accidents opposed to other years. Three main circumstances, when non-experimental research is preferred: early stages of research, ethical and practical limitations, the goal is prediction. Experiments: rigorous (high degree of control), causation, high internal validity, and low external validity. Non-experimental studies: less rigorous (limited control), prediction, variable validity, and absence of random assignment. Naturalistic observation: not rigorous (no control), description, high external validity. Naturalistic observation is inadequate to establish causation. Freud"s studies were all based on case studies.
