HLTC23H3 Study Guide - Pneumocystis Pneumonia, Lymphadenopathy, Subclinical Infection
Document Summary
Global under 5 mortality in 2008 (who, 2011) Caused by rna retrovirus of lentivirus family called hiv-1 (global, while hiv-2 localized to west. Africa), producing defects in immune system: loss of lymphocytes, impairment of t cells. Subclinical infection with endemic diseases that tend to activate the immune system (eg, tb, malaria) appear to accelerate its expression. Results in opportunistic infections, pneumocystis pneumonia, kaposi"s sarcoma, cytomegalovirus, yeast infections, cervical cancer, tb, etc. Success due to: virus" ability to use cell"s protein-synthesizing abilities to generate new viruses, extensive variability in its genetic structure (helping to evade detection and destruction by immune system) Thought to be some genetic protection, resistance to infection (3 genes) Risk groups: homosexual men, intravenous drug users, prostitutes, heterosexual women (and children), tb patients, prisoners, impoverished. Vertical transmission: during pregnancy, labour and delivery, breastfeeding. Sexual transmission (unprotected consensual sex, child rape) Symptoms in kids vary based on phase of infection and age. Hiv disease progression more rapid in children*
