CH 301 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Boltzmann Constant, Equipartition Theorem, Thermodynamics
Document Summary
This study deals with the system of a molecule one at a time. E = 1/2kt: energy per molecule per degree of motion freedom in a system. S = k ln w: absolute entropy per molecule in a system. Constant k (boltazmann constant) = 1. 38 x 10-23 j/k for both equations: calculation: statistical mechanics determination of internal energy. Each atom has three directions to move (n atoms will have 3n ways to move) Translation the molecule change location: ex: water moving to the left because all 3 atoms move left = 3 ways all molecules can move. Rotation the molecule spins: ex: water spinning counterclockwise. Vibration the molecule twists: ex: water vibrating. Nonlinear molecules vibrate 3n 6 ways. 6 comes from 3 transitions + 3 rotations. 5 comes from 3 transitions + 2 rotations. The amount of energy associated with each movement depends on temperature. From equipartition theory: the average energy per motion is e = 1/2kt.
