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BIOL150 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Phylogenetic Tree, Binomial Nomenclature, Unicellular Organism

Chapter 1: biology and the tree of life. Heritable: referring to traits that can be transmitted from one generation to the next. Natural selection acts on individuals, but evolutionary change affects only populations. Evolution occurs when heritable variation leads to differential success in reproduction. Fitness: the relative ability of an individual to produce viable offspring compared with other individuals in the same population. Adaption: a trait that increases the fitness of an individual with that trait, compared with individuals without that trait, in a particular environment. Tree of life: a diagram depicting the genealogical relationships of all living organisms on earth, with a single ancestral species at the base. Taxonomy: the branch of biology concerned with the classification and naming of organisms. Genus: in linnaeus" system, a taxonomic category of closely related species. Always italicized and capitalized to indicate that it is a recognized scientific genus.

Canada

Organismal and Evolutionary Ecology

Biology

Jonathan Witt

University of Waterloo

Which of the following best describes the principle of evolution by natural selection? A. Individuals within a population are genetically identical and natural selection occurs randomly B. Individuals within a population exhibit genetic variation and those that are best adapted to their environment survive C. Individuals within a population exhibit genetic variation and those that are least adapted to their environment survive D. Individuals within a population undergo genetic mutation and natural selection occurs randomly E. Individuals within a population exhibit genetic variation and natural selection occurs randomly

Evolutionary changes occur when ________ acts upon populations containing individuals with genetic differences. a. weather b. mutation c. natural selection d. continental drift

1. Traits don't necessarily have to be passed on from parent to offspring for natural selection to act on them; traits that are environmentally acquired during the life time of an individual (such as practicing to become very strong or very fast) can also be acted upon by natural selection. Select one: True or False 2.Within the same species and even within the same population, not all individuals are the same. They vary in size, shape or other traits. Select one: True False 3.Differential reproductive success means that some individuals in a population leave more offspring that survive and reproduce relative to other individuals in a population. Select one: True False

BIOL150 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Phylogenetic Tree, Binomial Nomenclature, Unicellular Organism

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