BIOL241 Chapter : Unit 2 - CNS - Full Textbook Notes
5 Sep 2013
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Document Summary
Flatworms: no distinction between cns and pns. Segmented worms: ganglia present along nerve cord, simple reflexes can be integrated. Higher invertebrates: complex reflexes controlled through neural networks. Higher arthropods: specific regions of the brain are associated with complex behaviours. Vertebrate: forebrain region (includes cerebrum) dedicated to mainly processing olfactory information. Cerebrum is smooth in less intelligent beings, in humans it is deeply folded. Cerebellum (in hindbrain) for coordinating movement and balance. Early embryo cells that will become nervous system lie in neural plate. Neural plate cells migrate toward midline and create a neural tube. Neural crest cells from lateral edges are dorsal to neural tube. Cells lining neural tube become epithelial ependymal or neural stem cells. Outer cell layers of neural tube become neural and glia of cns. Neural crest cells become sensory and motor neurons of. Gray matter: unmyelinated nerve cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals; nuclei. White matter: myelinated axons and few cell bodies.
