PSY100H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: External Validity, Descriptive Statistics, Internal Consistency
65
PSY100H1 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
65 documents
Document Summary
Chapter 2: research methods in psychology: focus on data. E. g. , cultural anthropologist shirley brice heath in the 1970s. E. g. , festinger et al. , 1956, marian keech & the seekers. In psychology, descriptive/observational studies are often the first step in a line of research, or done as part of a larger research project. Involve examining how variables are related (without manipulating any of the variables) E. g. , depression and cell phone/computer use among teenagers. E. g. , academic success and self-esteem: allow researchers to make claims about associations between variables, but not causal claims. The third-variable problem: is specific to correlational research, because it arises when researchers cannot manipulate the variable they believe is causing changes in another variable: e. g. , pre-school and reading skills. Confounds: can also be thought of as third variables , but arise in the context of experimental studies as anything apart from the independent variable that varies between the different conditions in a study.
