PSYB64H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Ion Transporter, Reuptake, Microtubule
Document Summary
Nervous system is made up of two types of cells: neurons: specialized to carry out the functions of information processing and communication, glia: 10 50 glia for every neuron, variety of support functions for neurons. Organelles: small internal structures found in animal cells that serve different functions/purposes. Cell body/soma: the main mass of a neuron, containing the nucleus and many organelles. Axons: the branch of a neuron usually responsible for carrying signals to other neurons. Dendrites: the branch of a neuron that generally receives information from other neurons. Neural membrane separates intracellular fluid of the cell"s interior from the extracellular fluid. Phospholipid membrane contains protein structures that maintain permeability (movement of substances across cell membrane) Two structures are channels/pores to allow ions to follow into or out of neuron. Typically naturally occurring chemical messengers (may be artificial sources from drugs) Ion pumps: move actively with the need of energy, sodium-potassium pumps: maintain the differences in chemical composition between.
