PSYCH 2NF3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Suppressor Of Cytokine Signalling, Adipocyte, Second Messenger System
7 Sep 2013
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Document Summary
Cell-cell signaling transmitting information from one cell to another and inducing a change in behaviour (response) Signal may be received by different cells and elicit different responses. 2013: direct cell-to-cell contact, junctions, cell-to-cell via plasmodesmata in plants, extracellular signaling molecules. Induce a specific response in target cells with receptors for ligand. Responses include: changes in gene transcription, cell division, growth, differentiation, changes in shape, movement, changes in metabolism. Signal transduction process of converting extracellular signals into a cellular response; interpreting the signal. Activated enzyme can change cell movement, shape, part of metabolic pathway etc. Fast just need to modify protein (already in the cell); just needs to be switched on. Slow many processes before cellular change can occur. Receptor must be activated; gene expression activation (mrna made and translated); fold and modify protein. Signaling cells source of signal or ligand: target cells receptors that receive signal. Ligand + receptor specificity and affinity are determined by molecular complementarity.
