BIOL 2200 Lecture Notes - Molecular Diffusion, Indicator Species, Hydrogen Peroxide
Document Summary
Living organisms all interact with the physical world. Do work against it/ use energy to decrease entropy: move weight against gravity, transport solute against concentration gradients, exclude/eliminate waste substances. All living processes take place within limits set by the physical world. Carbon and oxygen play a major role in biological energy transformations. The oxidation state of c in co2 is +4, and in carbohydrates is 0. How many electrons do each c take up during photosynthesis: going from +4 to 0, it takes on 4 electrons. We keep track of the e- transfer using oxidation numbers (ox#) For each e- transferred the ox# changes by 1. Some rules for oxidation numbers: in free elements ox#=0, for ion with one atom ox#= charge. (h+ = 1, ox# of o in most compounds is -2. H2o2- o is -1: ox# of h in most compounds is +1, for complex ion like so4-2, the net ox# = charge (thus s=+6)
