BIOL 2021 Lecture Notes - Guanylyl Cyclase, Sh2 Domain, Cyclic Nucleotide
Document Summary
Binding directly or indirectly through a cyclic nucleotide. Ii cis retinal (light isomerisation)-> all trans retinal. Activates cyclic gmp phosphodiesterase cgmp: made by guanylyl cyclase. Dark: high cgmp, ion channels open, depolarized cell, high rate of transmitter cgmp gated ion channels. Light: cgmp decreases, ion channels close, hyperpolarizes, transmitters decrease, signal to brain -> light. Trans membrane protein- bind ligand on outside. Differences: cytosolic domain has enzyme activity or directly binds on enzyme. Cell survival, growth division or protein on another cell. Table 15-4: some proteins that act through rtk. 2 results: 1) increase kinases activity 2) creates docking sites for other proteins. Activated docked protein by phosphorylation or by docking. Inactive= gdp bound different target similar mechanics. Rho= relay signal from surface to cytoskeleton. Ras: 30% of all human tumours have overactive ras. Ras can also be activated by gpcrs: calcium and dag. Ligand-> rtk activated -> adaptor protein binds -> ras gep -> gdp/gtp.
