STAT151 Lecture Notes - Confounding, Scatter Plot

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STAT151 Full Course Notes
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STAT151 Full Course Notes
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Chapter 8/9 (con"t): intro into simple linear regression. On prediction and estimation: benefit: the ability to estimate y" when you are given x" (aka fitted value, benefit: the ability for interpolation. Technique for estimating x" values within the range of the x" observations: opposite of interpolation is extrapolation. This is a technique for estimating y" values for x" values outside the range of the x" observation. Remember that r" is pearson"s sample correlation coefficient r2 measures the proportion of variation in y" that is influenced by x": will always be less than r" unless r=1. Unlike r", r2" is expressed in percentage: r=0. 8 r2 = (r)2 = (0. 8)2 = 0. 64 x 100% = 64% This means that only 64% of the y" variable is explained by x". The other percentage comes from other factors that may have an effect. Causation does not imply correlation but it does imply association. Association may be due to a lurking variable. (third variable problem)

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