PSB-2000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Zeitgeber, Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase, Lightdark

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27 Sep 2013
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When the cell is at rest, which ions are most highly concentrated inside of the cell, and which ones are most highly concentrated outside of the cell? (na+ & ca2+),( )k+, cl-() The inside of the neuron is more negatively charged than the outside of the neuron and the neuron is said to be polarized: prepares neuron for action potential. Sodium is more than ten times more concentrated outside the neuron"s membrane than inside the neuron; cl is more concentrated outside too! At rest ions highly concentrated outside cell: na+ & cl-. Inside cell k+& negatively charged organic molecules: understand the forces working on the ions (electrical gradient and concentration gradient). Concentration gradient: ions flow from areas of high concentration to low! (sugar in water) Electrical gradient: ions flow to areas of opposite charge (opposites attract: negative to positive, positive charge to negative. Proteins in the membrane that control the entry of sodium into the cell.

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