PHIL 164 Lecture Notes - Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens
Document Summary
Modus ponens: if i am cramming tonight, then i have an exam tomorrow, i am cramming tonight, so, i have an exam tomorrow. Modus tollens: if i am not happy, then i am frowning, i am not frowning, so i am not, not happy. The modus ponens that i wrote is valid because it fits the structure of a modus ponens. In addition, it is a valid argument because the conclusion would be true if the above premise were true. Also because the conclusion follows from the others. the argument is sound because the modus ponens described is true for all parts. The modus tollens is valid as well because it follows the overall structure of if p then q, not-q, so, not-p. this is a valid argument because the premise and the conclusion are both true. Thus, making it a completely true and valid statement. The argument is sound because it is valid.
