BIO2242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Bird Anatomy, Exhalation, Internal Intercostal Muscles
Document Summary
Aerobic cellular respiration consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide: Increase blood oxygen carrying capacity = do this with the help of hemoglobin. Environmental oxygen is not constant in space or time: Cold water has more oxygen because its turbulent water, so it"s constantly mixed with air. Air pressure is lower at high altitude due to the weight of the air. If the animal is big, they increase the sa so that there is a short distance between the cells and the environment. Animals with different body shapes need a special area devoted to increasing sa. Sea star = invaginations of the coelom which makes up a large surface of the coelom that is directly exposed to the environment for gas exchange. Marine worm = parapodia which have a large surface and a large supply of blood from the closed circulatory system. Clam = cnedia used for feeding and gas exchange. Gills are efficient in water but not air:
