Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Sister Chromatids, Chloroplast, Centromere

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The pair is referred to as one chromosome still. Thus, replication increases the amount of dna in the nucleus, although it does not increase the number of chromosomes: plants have three different genomes in each of their cells. Nuclear genome, mitochondrial genome, chloroplast genome: amount of dna in one genome is known as c . One genome=haploid: size of an organism does not mean that the organism has a greater genetic complexity. Example; angiosperms have much more genes than humans: mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular chromosomes, as bacteria cells do, more complex organisms do not necessarily have more chromosomes. Dna do not necessarily have more chromosomes: chromosomes do not appear as the common x shape. They only have that x appearance whenever they are undergoing replication. As well, they can only be observed in the x shape: organisms are not only haploid or diploid; for example, lizards are triploid, which means it has three copies of each of it"s chromosomes.

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