BIO SCI 93 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Asymmetric Carbon, Carboxylic Acid, Enantiomer
15 Oct 2013
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BIO SCI 93 Full Course Notes
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Carbon and the molecular diversity of life (lecture 8 part 1) Organic compound = any compound with carbon in it. Hydrocarbons: organic molecules made up of only carbon and hydrogen: hydrophobic, can release a lot of energy when undergoing reactions. Isomers: compounds with the same number of atoms of the same elements, but with different structures (and therefore different properties: structural isomers: different arrangement in covalent bonds, cis-trans isomers: different arrangement of double bonds. Cis isomer: double bonds on the same side. Trans isomer: double bonds on the opposite ends of each other: enantiomers: isomers that are mirror images of each other due to an asymmetric carbon (carbon that is attached to 4 other atoms) Functional groups: chemical groups directly involved with reactions, hydroxyl. Polar due to oxygen atom being more electronegative. Can form hydrogen bonds with water to help dissolve organic compounds: carbonyl. Found in sugars (ketones and aldoses: carboxyl. Carbonyl and hydroxyl combined: c=o oh or cooh.
