BIOL 1000 Midterm: BIO1000- Notes TEST2 FRI NOV 8.docx
23 Oct 2013
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Chapter 5: membranes and signalling- continued (see previous note) Attached to one hydrophillic side (either intracellular or extracellular) primarily found on cytosolic (intracellular) side. Inserted into the membrane must interact with polar and non-polar region of membrane, therefore are amphipathic must have a non-polar region for interaction with the hydrophobic (non-polar) region of the membrane difficult to remove. Most common integral proteins cross entire membrane (from extracellular to intracellular space) Integral membrane proteins: proteins embedded in phospholipid bilayer, composed of predominantly nonpolar amino acids usually coiled into alpha helices, transmembrane proteins: most integral proteins. Tonicity: of a solution relative to and in comparison to another solution. Knowing tonicity of a solution is relative to another solution. Hypertonic (solute high relative to the solution), hypotonic (solute low relative to solution), isotonic. Osmosis: can be compared in two different ways. Hypotonic (low solute on outside relative to inside), hypertonic (high solute on outside relative to inside)
