BIOL130 Midterm: Biology 130 Midterm 2 Notes - Thermodynamics.pdf

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Catabolic pathways: break down foodstuffs into smaller molecules, generating useful small molecules (building blocks) Like a cat ripping things apart, breaking down molecules. Anabolic pathways: are harnessed by catabolism to synthesize molecules that form. Like an ant carrying small things to store, building up bigger the cell, small to form big molecules. 1st law of thermodynamics: energy can be transferred and transformed, it cannot be created nor destroyed. 2nd law of thermodynamics: every energy transfer or transformation creates disorder in the universe entropy=disorder the greater the disorder the greater the entropy. **general: energy flows into system as light, leaves as heat. Just because entropy (disorder) decrease in a system, doesn"t mean it decreases in universe** Energy- capacity to do work, move matter against opposing forces, rearrange matter. Potential energy- stored energy, result of location (top of hill) or structure (arrangement of atoms), chemical energy. Second law of thermodynamics reactions cause disorder entropy = progress to max.

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